產(chǎn)品詳情
伺服電機工作原理:
1、伺服系統(tǒng)(servo mechanism)是使物體的位置、方位、狀態(tài)等輸出被控量能夠跟隨輸入目標(biāo)(或給定值)的任意變化的自動控制系統(tǒng)。伺服主要靠脈沖來定位,基本上可以這樣理解,伺服電機接收到1個脈沖,就會旋轉(zhuǎn)1個脈沖對應(yīng)的角度,從而實現(xiàn)位移,因為,伺服電機本身具備發(fā)出脈沖的功能,所以伺服電機每旋轉(zhuǎn)一個角度,都會發(fā)出對應(yīng)數(shù)量的脈沖,這樣,和伺服電機接受的脈沖形成了呼應(yīng),或者叫閉環(huán),如此一來,系統(tǒng)就會知道發(fā)了多少脈沖給伺服電機,同時又收了多少脈沖回來,這樣,就能夠很***的控制電機的轉(zhuǎn)動,從而實現(xiàn)***的定位,可以達(dá)到0.001mm。直流伺服電機分為有刷和無刷電機。有刷電機成本低,結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,啟動轉(zhuǎn)矩大,調(diào)速范圍寬,控制容易,需要維護(hù),但維護(hù)不方便(換碳刷),產(chǎn)生電磁干擾,對環(huán)境有要求。因此它可以用于對成本敏/感的普通工業(yè)和民用場合。
無刷電機體積小,重量輕,出力大,響應(yīng)快,速度高,慣量小,轉(zhuǎn)動平滑,力矩穩(wěn)定??刂茝?fù)雜,容易實現(xiàn)智能化,其電子換相方式靈活,可以方波換相或正弦波換相。電機免維護(hù),效率很高,運行溫度低,電磁輻射很小,長壽命,可用于各種環(huán)境。
2、交流伺服電機也是無刷電機,分為同步和異步電機,目前運動控制中一般都用同步電機,它的功率范圍大,可以做到很大的功率。大慣量,轉(zhuǎn)動速度低,且隨著功率增大而快速降低。因而適合做低速平穩(wěn)運行的應(yīng)用。
3、伺服電機內(nèi)部的轉(zhuǎn)子是永磁鐵,驅(qū)動器控制的U/V/W三相電形成電磁場,轉(zhuǎn)子在此磁場的作用下轉(zhuǎn)動,同時電機自帶的編碼器反饋信號給驅(qū)動器,驅(qū)動器根據(jù)反饋值與目標(biāo)值進(jìn)行比較,調(diào)整轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)動的角度。伺服電機的精度決定于編碼器的精度(線數(shù))。
交流伺服電機和無刷直流伺服電機在功能上的區(qū)別:交流伺服要好一些,因為是正弦波控制,轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動小。直流伺服是梯形波。但直流伺服比較簡單,便宜。
?伺服電機(servo motor )是指在伺服系統(tǒng)中控制機械元件運轉(zhuǎn)的發(fā)動機,是一種補助馬達(dá)間接變速裝置。
伺服電機可使控制速度,位置精度非常準(zhǔn)確,可以將電壓信號轉(zhuǎn)化為轉(zhuǎn)矩和轉(zhuǎn)速以驅(qū)動控制對象。伺服電機轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)速受輸入信號控制,并能快速反應(yīng),在自動控制系統(tǒng)中,用作執(zhí)行元件,且具有機電時間常數(shù)小、線性度高、始動電壓等特性,可把所收到的電信號轉(zhuǎn)換成電動機軸上的角位移或角速度輸出。分為直流和交流伺服電動機兩大類,其主要特點是,當(dāng)信號電壓為零時無自轉(zhuǎn)現(xiàn)象,轉(zhuǎn)速隨著轉(zhuǎn)矩的增加而勻速下降。
交流電機一般分為同步和異步電機
1、交流同步電機:就是轉(zhuǎn)子是由永磁材料構(gòu)成,所以轉(zhuǎn)動后,隨著電機的定子旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場的變化,轉(zhuǎn)子也做響應(yīng)頻率的速度變化,而且轉(zhuǎn)子速度=定子速度,所以稱“同步”。
2、交流異步電機:轉(zhuǎn)子由感應(yīng)線圈和材料構(gòu)成。轉(zhuǎn)動后,定子產(chǎn)生旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場,磁場切割定子的感應(yīng)線圈,轉(zhuǎn)子線圈產(chǎn)生感應(yīng)電流,進(jìn)而轉(zhuǎn)子產(chǎn)生感應(yīng)磁場,感應(yīng)磁場追隨定子旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場的變化,但轉(zhuǎn)子的磁場變化永遠(yuǎn)小于定子的變化,一旦等于就沒有變化的磁場切割轉(zhuǎn)子的感應(yīng)線圈,轉(zhuǎn)子線圈中也就沒有了感應(yīng)電流,轉(zhuǎn)子磁場消失,轉(zhuǎn)子失速又與定子產(chǎn)生速度差又重新獲得感應(yīng)電流。。。所以在交流異步電機里有個關(guān)鍵的參數(shù)是轉(zhuǎn)差率就是轉(zhuǎn)子與定子的速度差的比率。
3、對應(yīng)交流同步和異步電機變頻器就有相映的同步變頻器和異步變頻器,伺服電機也有交流同步伺服和交流異步伺服,當(dāng)然變頻器里交流異步變頻常見,伺服則交流同步伺服常見。
五、應(yīng)用
由于變頻器和伺服在性能和功能上的不同,所以應(yīng)用也不大相同:
1、在速度控制和力矩控制的場合要求不是很高的一般用變頻器,也有在上位加位置反饋信號構(gòu)成閉環(huán)用變頻進(jìn)行位置控制的,精度和響應(yīng)都不高。現(xiàn)有些變頻也接受脈沖序列信號控制速度的,但好象不能直接控制位置。
2、在有嚴(yán)格位置控制要求的場合中只能用伺服來實現(xiàn),還有就是伺服的響應(yīng)速度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于變頻,有些對度的精度和響應(yīng)要求高的場合也用伺服控制,能用變頻控制的運動的場合幾乎都能用伺服取代,關(guān)鍵是兩點:一是價格伺服遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于變頻,二是功率的原因:變頻的能做到幾百KW,甚至更高,而伺服就幾十KW。但隨著伺服電機技術(shù)不斷提高,功率逐步也能達(dá)到幾百KW了。
REXROTH力士樂伺服電機MSK061C-0600-NN-M1-UP1-NNNN
REXROTH力士樂伺服電機MSK061C-0600-NN-M1-UP1-NNNN
力士樂數(shù)控伺服系統(tǒng)
?力士樂REXROTH伺服電機
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HLR01.1N-03K4-N19R0-A-007-NNNN R911306748
HLR01.1N-04K2-N18R0-A-007-NNNN R911306878
HLR01.1N-05K9-N18R0-A-007-NNNN R911306879
HLR01.1N-09K0-N18R0-A-007-NNNN R911305863
HCS03.1E-W0070-A-05-NNNN R911297849
HCS03.1E-W0070-A-05-NNBN R911299240
HCS03.1E-W0100-A-05-NNNN R911297850
HCS03.1E-W0100-A-05-NNBN R911299241
HCS03.1E-W0150-A-05-NNNN R911297851
HCS03.1E-W0150-A-05-NNBN R911299238
HCS03.1E-W0210-A-05-NNNN
HCS03.1E-W0210-A-05-NNBN R911299239